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End-of-pipe or process-integrated: evidence from LMDI decomposition of China’s SO

Pingdan ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第6期   页码 867-874 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0541-0

摘要: In this study, reduction in sulfur dioxide (SO ) emission is decomposed into three parts: source prevention, process control and end-of-pipe treatment, using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index method (LMDI). Source prevention and process control are defined as process-integrated treatment. It is found that from 2001 to 2010 the reduction of SO emission density in China was mainly contributed by end-of-pipe treatment. From the 10th Five Year Plan (FYP) period (2001–2005) to the 11th FYP period (2006–2010), the Chinese government has attempted to enhance process-integrated treatment. However, given its initial effort, the effect is limited compared with that of the end-of-pipe treatment. The effectiveness of environmental regulation and technology in the reduction of SO density in 30 provinces (municipality/autonomous regions) from 2001 to 2010 is also investigated. This implies that environmental regulation and technology promote process control and end-of-pipe treatment significantly, but does not influence source prevention. Furthermore, environmental technology will only take effect under the circumstances of stringent environmental regulation. Therefore, to fulfill the whole process treatment, environmental regulation should be strengthened and environmental technology upgraded at the same time.

关键词: end-of-pipe     process-integrated     Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index method (LMDI)     environmental regulation     environmental technology    

Decomposition analysis of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in the iron and steel industry in China

Wenqiang SUN, Jiuju CAI, Hai YU, Lei DAI

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 265-270 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0284-8

摘要: This work aims to identify the main factors influencing the energy-related carbon dioxide (CO ) emissions from the iron and steel industry in China during the period of 1995–2007. The logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) technique was applied with period-wise analysis and time-series analysis. Changes in energy-related CO emissions were decomposed into four factors: emission factor effect, energy structure effect, energy consumption effect, and the steel production effect. The results show that steel production is the major factor responsible for the rise in CO emissions during the sampling period; on the other hand the energy consumption is the largest contributor to the decrease in CO emissions. To a lesser extent, the emission factor and energy structure effects have both negative and positive contributions to CO emissions, respectively. Policy implications are provided regarding the reduction of CO emissions from the iron and steel industry in China, such as controlling the overgrowth of steel production, improving energy-saving technologies, and introducing low-carbon energy sources into the iron and steel industry.

关键词: carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions     decomposition analysis     logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) technique     time-series analysis    

Drivers of the development of global climate-change-mitigation technology: a patent-based decomposition analysis

Liying SONG, Jun JING, Kerui DU, Zheming YAN

《能源前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 487-498 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0739-y

摘要: The development of the climate-change-mitigation technology has received widespread attention from both academic and policy studies. Nevertheless, very few studies have explained how and why economies contribute differently to global development. This paper decomposed the development of the global climate-change-mitigation technology, proxied by patent-based indicators, from 1996 to 2015 into several predefined factors. The results show that the worldwide surge of climate-change-mitigation-technology patents from 1996 to 2011 is driven by increased concentration on green invention, improved research intensity, and enlarged economic scale, while the falling of patent counts from 2011 to 2015 is predominantly due to less concentration on green invention. Among different climate-change-mitigation technologies, the type-specific development is attributed to different dominant factors, and the resulting priority change can reflect the shift of both global research and development (R&D) resource and market demand. Regarding regional contributions, the resulting economy-specific contributions to each driving factor can be used to design the policies to promote the development of the global climate-change-mitigation technology.

关键词: climate change mitigation     technology development     logarithmic mean Divisia index     green patents    

我国区域能源现状及中长期发展战略重点研究

高丹,孔庚,麻林巍,严晓辉,张衡

《中国工程科学》 2021年 第23卷 第1期   页码 7-14 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.01.002

摘要:

我国幅员辽阔,各区域能源资源禀赋特点差异显著,因地制宜推进区域能源革命是破解我国能源发展瓶颈的有效途径。本文针对京津冀、长江三角洲(长三角)、珠江三角洲(珠三角)、老工业基地、中部地区、能源富集地区、西南地区七大区域,从能源生产、消费、流向等方面分析了各区域的能源发展现状,梳理了各区域的能源消费强度差异和能耗增长驱动力情况,研判了各区域面向2035 年的中长期能源转型发展趋势及战略重点。研究表明,各区域能源革命的战略布局重点分别是:京津冀地区为推进能源与经济、环境的协同发展,长三角地区为集成优化区域联动的能源系统,珠三角地区为构建清洁能源产储运基地,老工业基地为以能源高值化、多元化推进经济转型,中部地区为打造综合能源枢纽,能源富集区为建成绿色可持续的能源安全保障基地,西南地区为清洁能源消纳。为统筹各区域能源发展,本文从因地制宜、精准推进能源革命,以区域能源革命推动区域社会发展和生态环境保护,以推动区域协调发展为抓手,实现区域能源协作与合作共赢等方面提出了对策建议。

关键词: 区域能源发展,能源强度,能源转型,LMDI    

Trends and driving forces of low-carbon energy technology innovation in China’s industrial sectors from 1998 to 2017: from a regional perspective

Xi ZHANG, Yong GENG, Yen Wah TONG, Harn Wei KUA, Huijuan DONG, Hengyu PAN

《能源前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 473-486 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0738-z

摘要: Low-carbon energy technology (LC) innovation contributes to both environmental protection and economic development. Using the panel data of 30 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities in China from 1998 to 2017, this paper constructs a two-layer logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) model to uncover the factors influencing the variation of the innovation of LC in China’s industrial sectors, including the alternative energy production technology (AEPT) and the energy conversation technology (ECT). The results show that China’s industrial LC patent applications rapidly increased after 2005 and AEPT patent applications outweighed ECT patent applications all the time with a gradually narrowing gap. Low-carbon degree played the dominant role in promoting the increase in China’s industrial LC patent applications, followed by the economic scale, R&D (research and development) efficiency, and R&D share. Economic structure contributed to the increases in LC patent applications in the central and the western regions, while led to the decreases in the eastern region, the north-eastern region, and Chinese mainland . Low-carbon degree and economic scale were two main contributors to the growths of both industrial AEPT patent applications and ECT patent applications in Chinese mainland and the four regions. Several policy recommendations are made to further promote industrial innovation in China.

关键词: low-carbon energy technology (LC)     logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI)     industrial sector     regional disparity     China    

Spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors for GHG emissions of aluminum industry in China

《能源前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 294-305 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0819-7

摘要: China’s aluminum (Al) production has released a huge amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As one of the biggest country of primary Al production, China must mitigate its overall GHG emission from its Al industry so that the national carbon neutrality target can be achieved. Under such a background, the study described in this paper conducts a dynamic material flow analysis to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution features of Al flows in China from 2000 to 2020. Decomposition analysis is also performed to uncover the driving factors of GHG emission generated from the Al industry. The major findings include the fact that China’s primary Al production center has transferred to the western region; the primary Al smelting and carbon anode consumption are the most carbon-intensive processes in the Al life cycle; the accumulative GHG emission from electricity accounts for 78.14% of the total GHG emission generated from the Al industry; China’s current Al recycling ratio is low although the corresponding GHG emission can be reduced by 93.73% if all the primary Al can be replaced by secondary Al; and the total GHG emission can be reduced by 88.58% if major primary Al manufacturing firms are transferred from Inner Mongolia to Yunnan. Based upon these findings and considering regional disparity, several policy implications are proposed, including promotion of secondary Al production, support of clean electricity penetration, and relocation of the Al industry.

关键词: aluminum     material flow analysis     GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions     LMDI (logarithmic mean divisa index)    

Calculations of narrow-band transimissities and the Planck mean absorption coefficients of real gases

Huaqiang CHU, Mingyan GU, Huaichun ZHOU, Fengshan LIU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 41-48 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0292-4

摘要: Narrow-band transmissivities in the spectral range of 150 to 9300 cm and at a uniform resolution of 25 cm were calculated using the statistical narrow-band (SNB) model with the band parameters of Soufiani and Taine, the more recent parameters of André and Vaillon, and the line-by-line (LBL) method along with the HITEMP-2010 spectroscopic database. Calculations of narrow-band transmissivity were conducted for gas columns of different lengths and containing different isothermal and non-isothermal CO -H O-N mixtures at 1 atm. Narrow-band transmissivities calculated by the SNB model are in large relative error at many bands. The more recent SNB model parameters of André and Vaillon are more accurate than the earlier parameters of Soufiani and Taine. The Planck mean absorption coefficients of CO , H O, CO, and CH in the temperature range of 300 to 2500 K were calculated using the LBL method and different versions of the high resolution transmission (HITRAN) and high-temperature spectroscopic absorption parameters (HITEMP) spectroscopic databases. The SNB model was also used to calculate the Planck mean absorption coefficients of these four radiating gases. The LBL results of the Planck mean absorption coefficient were compared with the classical results of Tien and those from the SNB model.

关键词: transimissity     HITEMP     HITRAN     Planck mean absorption coefficients    

A job-insertion heuristic for minimizing the mean flowtime in dynamic flowshops

Guang GUO, Bo WU, Shuzi YANG

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第6卷 第2期   页码 197-202 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0211-5

摘要:

A new adaptive job-insertion based heuristic is presented to minimize the mean flowtime in a dynamic flowshop consisting of machines. Job orders arrive to the system randomly, and the job arrival or release dates are not known in advance. The heuristic is derived by inserting new jobs into the scheduled sequence as needed when the machine becomes free. Computation results indicate that the proposed heuristic performs 2.7%–10.8% better than the SPT dispatching rule, which is currently one of the most effective methods for minimizing the mean flowtime in dynamic flowshops.

关键词: scheduling     dynamic flowshops     flowtime     heuristic     mean flowtime    

Theoretical prediction and validation of global horizontal solar irradiance for a tropical climate in India

Sivasankari SUNDARAM,Jakka SARAT CHANDRA BABU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 311-321 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0369-3

摘要: This paper aims to propose monthly models responsible for the theoretical evaluation of the global horizontal irradiance of a tropical region in India which is Sivagangai situated in Tamilnadu. The actual measured global horizontal irradiance hails from a 5 MW solar power plant station located at Sivagangai in Tamilnadu. The data were monitored from May 2011 to April 2013. The theoretical assessment was conducted differently by employing a programming platform called Microsoft Visual Basic 2010 Express. A graphical user interface was created using Visual Basic 2010 Express, which provided the evaluation of empirical parameters for model formulation such as daily sunshine duration ( ), maximum possible sunshine hour duration ( ), extra terrestrial horizontal global irradiance ( ) and extra terrestrial direct normal irradiance ( ). The proposed regression models were validated by the significance of statistical indicators such as mean bias error, root mean square error and mean percentage error from the predicted and the actual values for the region considered. Comparison was made between the proposed monthly models and the existing normalized models for global horizontal irradiance evaluation.

关键词: global horizontal irradiance (GHI)     mean bias error     root mean square error     mean percentage error     coefficient of regression     Visual Basic 2010 Express    

Some remarks on the engineering application of the fatigue crack growth approach under nonzero mean loads

Jorge Alberto Rodriguez DURAN,Ronney Mancebo BOLOY,Rafael Raider LEONI

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第10卷 第3期   页码 255-262 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0342-1

摘要:

The well-known fatigue crack growth (FCG) curves are two-parameter dependents. The range of the stress intensity factor ?K and the load ratio R are the parameters normally used for describing these curves. For engineering purposes, the mathematical representation of these curves should be integrated between the initial and final crack sizes in order to obtain the safety factors for stresses and life. First of all, it is necessary to reduce the dependence of the FCG curves to only one parameter. ?K is almost always selected and, in these conditions, considered as the crack driving force. Using experimental data from literature, the present paper shows how to perform multiple regression analyses using the traditional Walker approach and the more recent unified approach. The correlations so obtained are graphically analyzed in three dimensions. Numerical examples of crack growth analysis for cracks growing under nominal stresses of constant amplitude in smooth and notched geometries are performed, assuming an identical material component as that of the available experimental data. The resulting curves of crack size versus number of cycles (a vs. N) are then compared. The two models give approximately the same (a vs. N) curves in both geometries. Differences between the behaviors of the (avs. N) curves in smooth and notched geometries are highlighted, and the reasons for these particular behaviors are discussed.

关键词: fatigue crack propagation modeling     life prediction     mean stress effects    

Observer design for induction motor: an approach based on the mean value theorem

Mohamed Yacine HAMMOUDI,Abdelkarim ALLAG,Mohamed BECHERIF,Mohamed BENBOUZID,Hamza ALLOUI

《能源前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 426-433 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0314-x

摘要: In this paper, observer design for an induction motor has been investigated. The peculiarity of this paper is the synthesis of a mono-Luenberger observer for highly coupled system. To transform the nonlinear error dynamics for the induction motor into the linear parametric varying (LPV) system, the differential mean value theorem combined with the sector nonlinearity transformation has been used. Stability conditions based on the Lyapunov function lead to solvability of a set of linear matrix inequalities. The proposed observer guarantees the global exponential convergence to zero of the estimation error. Finally, the simulation results are given to show the performance of the observer design.

关键词: observer design     differential mean value theorem (DMVT)     sector nonlinearity transformation     linear matrix inequalities (LMI)     induction motor    

Mean wind load induced incompatibility in nonlinear aeroelastic simulations of bridge spans

Zhitian ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 605-617 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0499-x

摘要: Mean wind response induced incompatibility and nonlinearity in bridge aerodynamics is discussed, where the mean wind and aeroelastic loads are applied simultaneously in time domain. A kind of incompatibility is found during the simultaneous simulation of the mean wind and aeroelastic loads, which leads to incorrect mean wind structural responses. It is found that the mathematic expectations (or limiting characteristics) of the aeroelastic models are fundamental to this kind of incompatibility. In this paper, two aeroelastic models are presented and discussed, one of indicial-function-denoted (IF-denoted) and another of rational-function-denoted (RF-denoted). It is shown that, in cases of low wind speeds, the IF-denoted model reflects correctly the mean wind load properties, and results in correct mean structural responses; in contrast, the RF-denoted model leads to incorrect mean responses due to its nonphysical mean properties. At very high wind speeds, however, even the IF-denoted model can lead to significant deviation from the correct response due to steady aerodynamic nonlinearity. To solve the incompatibility at high wind speeds, a methodology of subtraction of pseudo-steady effects from the aeroelastic model is put forward in this work. Finally, with the method presented, aeroelastic nonlinearity resulted from the mean wind response is investigated at both moderate and high wind speeds.

关键词: bridge     aerodynamics     nonlinear     aeroelastic model     Pseudo-steady     mean wind loads    

Classical state feedback controller for nonlinear systems using mean value theorem: closed loop-FOC of

Abrar ALLAG,Abdelhamid BENAKCHA,Meriem ALLAG,Ismail ZEIN,Mohamed Yacine AYAD

《能源前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 413-425 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0379-1

摘要: The problem of state feedback controllers for a class of Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) Lipschitz nonlinear systems is investigated. A simple systematic and useful synthesis method is proposed based on the use of the differential mean value theorem (DMVT) and convex theory. The proposed design approach is based on the mean value theorem (MVT) to express the nonlinear error dynamics as a convex combination of known matrices with time varying coefficients as linear parameter varying (LPV) systems. Using the Lyapunov theory, stability conditions are obtained and expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The controller gains are then obtained by solving linear matrix inequalities. The effectiveness of the proposed approach for closed loop-field oriented control (CL-FOC) of permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drives is demonstrated through an illustrative simulation for the proof of these approaches. Furthermore, an extension for controller design with parameter uncertainties and perturbation performance is discussed.

关键词: Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems     sector nonlinearity     nonlinear controller     linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach     differential mean value theorem (DMVT)     field oriented control (FOC)     linear parameter varying (LPV)    

DSM in an area consisting of residential, commercial and industrial load in smart grid

Balasubramaniyan SARAVANAN

《能源前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 211-216 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0351-0

摘要: With the latest introduction of the demand side management (DSM) in smart grids, the power distribution units are able to modify the load schedules of the consumers. This involves a co-operative interaction of the utility and the consumers so as to achieve customer load modifications in which the customer, utility and society all are benefited. The interaction is performed with the help of the devices known as the smart meter. This paper shows the use of game theory and logical mathematical expressions in order to achieve the objectives. The objectives are to minimize the peak to average ratio (PAR) and the energy cost. The outcome of the game between supplier and customers helps to shape the load profile. The design proposed in this paper is very user-friendly and is based on simple logarithmic programming computations. In this paper, residential, commercial and industrial types of loads are taken into account. A basic 24 h load schedule along with the fluctuating prices at each hour of the day is forecasted by the supplier of the various shiftable and non-shiftable loads and then that schedule is conveyed to the user. The users are encouraged to shift their high load devices to off-peak hours which will not only reduce their electricity costs but also substantially reduce the PAR in the load demand.

关键词: demand side management (DSM)     smart grids     peak to average ratio (PAR)     smart meters and logarithmic price function    

Research on port ecological suitability evaluation index system and evaluation model

Yaofeng XIE,Xia LV,Ru LIU,Liuyan MAO,Xiaoxi LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 65-70 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0258-6

摘要: Along with the rapid development of port building, the negative impacts of port’s construction and operation on the coastline ecosystem are also increasingly strong. Therefore, it’s urgent to establish a scientific and complete system of port ecological suitability evaluation. This paper pointed out the characteristics of port ecological effects and the principles of selecting evaluation index, and used the “pressure-state-response (PSR)” model to analysis the various pressures on the environment caused by port construction and operation, and the system’s response. On this basis, we constructed the port ecological suitability evaluation index. This model used the combination of qualitative and quantitative analytic hierarchy process, to meet the multi-level, multi-objective characteristics of evaluation index system. The evaluation index system and evaluation model can be used to analysis the ecological suitability of port projects comprehensively and have some guiding significance to the port ecological suitability evaluation.

关键词: port     ecological suitability     press-state-response (PSR) model     evaluation index system    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

End-of-pipe or process-integrated: evidence from LMDI decomposition of China’s SO

Pingdan ZHANG

期刊论文

Decomposition analysis of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in the iron and steel industry in China

Wenqiang SUN, Jiuju CAI, Hai YU, Lei DAI

期刊论文

Drivers of the development of global climate-change-mitigation technology: a patent-based decomposition analysis

Liying SONG, Jun JING, Kerui DU, Zheming YAN

期刊论文

我国区域能源现状及中长期发展战略重点研究

高丹,孔庚,麻林巍,严晓辉,张衡

期刊论文

Trends and driving forces of low-carbon energy technology innovation in China’s industrial sectors from 1998 to 2017: from a regional perspective

Xi ZHANG, Yong GENG, Yen Wah TONG, Harn Wei KUA, Huijuan DONG, Hengyu PAN

期刊论文

Spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors for GHG emissions of aluminum industry in China

期刊论文

Calculations of narrow-band transimissities and the Planck mean absorption coefficients of real gases

Huaqiang CHU, Mingyan GU, Huaichun ZHOU, Fengshan LIU

期刊论文

A job-insertion heuristic for minimizing the mean flowtime in dynamic flowshops

Guang GUO, Bo WU, Shuzi YANG

期刊论文

Theoretical prediction and validation of global horizontal solar irradiance for a tropical climate in India

Sivasankari SUNDARAM,Jakka SARAT CHANDRA BABU

期刊论文

Some remarks on the engineering application of the fatigue crack growth approach under nonzero mean loads

Jorge Alberto Rodriguez DURAN,Ronney Mancebo BOLOY,Rafael Raider LEONI

期刊论文

Observer design for induction motor: an approach based on the mean value theorem

Mohamed Yacine HAMMOUDI,Abdelkarim ALLAG,Mohamed BECHERIF,Mohamed BENBOUZID,Hamza ALLOUI

期刊论文

Mean wind load induced incompatibility in nonlinear aeroelastic simulations of bridge spans

Zhitian ZHANG

期刊论文

Classical state feedback controller for nonlinear systems using mean value theorem: closed loop-FOC of

Abrar ALLAG,Abdelhamid BENAKCHA,Meriem ALLAG,Ismail ZEIN,Mohamed Yacine AYAD

期刊论文

DSM in an area consisting of residential, commercial and industrial load in smart grid

Balasubramaniyan SARAVANAN

期刊论文

Research on port ecological suitability evaluation index system and evaluation model

Yaofeng XIE,Xia LV,Ru LIU,Liuyan MAO,Xiaoxi LIU

期刊论文